synchronization between them with adequate consistency and

availability. The Cap theorem, also known as “The Scalability

Trilemma”, is a belief in computer science about the distributed data

stores as per which we can achieve only two among the three

properties, i.e., Consistency, Availability, and Partition tolerance.

Hence, different kinds of DBMS, RDBMS, Blockchains, and DLTs are

built to match their respective non-functional requirements,

sacrificing one property that is relatively less significant, as shown in

Figure 1.14 as follows:

Figure 1.14: CAP Theorem

1.11 Bitcoin, The Environment Villain

Irrespective of Bitcoin’s huge popularity, this cryptocurrency is also

heavily criticized for its mining policy that sucks a huge amount of

energy.

As per a recent report by Business Insider, “Bitcoin mining

consumes around 91 terawatt-hours of electricity annually. That’s

more annual electricity use than all of Finland, which is a country of